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Fertility Nutrition Pregnancy

Is Vitamin A Dangerous for My Pregnancy and Baby?

Elizabeth Willett - M.A., Certified Herbalist
July 22, 2021
Reviewed by Christine Traxler, MD

One of the hottest topics for pregnancy health is Vitamin A supplementation. Is it safe? How much is too much? Am I getting enough from my diet?

Before we get to the answers to these questions, it is very important to know that Vitamin A is an antioxidant that is essential for a healthy pregnancy. Vitamin A is one of many nutrients that plays a critical role in:

  • helping the body maintain homeostasis
  • prevention of anemia
  • supporting metabolism during pregnancy
  • tissue maintenance and development (cell growth) in pregnancy
  • fetal development, especially of the bones, teeth, skin, and vision

Recommended daily allowance (RDA) of vitamin A for healthy women in pregnancy, according to the American Pregnancy Association, is 770 mcg/dL. Tolerable upper intake levels* (ULs) of preformed vitamin A in pregnancy and during lactation (from foods and supplements) for women ages 19+ is 3,000 mcg/dL RAE or 10,000 IU per day (1 IU = 0.3 mcg retinol, or 0.6 mcg beta-carotene).

Vitamin A is available in the human diet in two forms. The first is preformed vitamin A, known as retinol and retinyl ester, that comes from animal foods – dairy products, meat, and fish. The second is provitamin A carotenoids, the most common being beta-carotene (but also alpha-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin) that comes from many orange, red and yellow fruits and vegetables, as well as a variety of dark green leafy vegetables.

Vitamin A – Food Sources are Best!

Vitamin A is readily available from a variety of whole foods. The very best way to support your health in pregnancy and the health of your developing child is to eat a whole food pregnancy diet including the following foods high in vitamin A – carrots, squash, sweet potatoes, broccoli, apricots, spinach, pumpkin and liver (animal and fish) like Cod Liver Oil, milk and eggs. Vitamin A is also found in a quality whole food fertility specific multivitamin like the Fertilica™ Fertile Woman One Daily.

The Facts: Vitamin A Supplementation in Pregnancy

Too much…
When searching for information about vitamin A consumption in pregnancy, you will likely come across several resources stating that consuming vitamin A in pregnancy may cause congenital birth defects. While some studies have shown that consuming too much vitamin A in pregnancy may cause congenital birth defects that include malformations of the eye, skull, lungs, and heart, these studies were performed using very high amounts of synthetic, water-soluble forms of vitamin A which is vitamin A from non-food sources.

A study published in 2000 in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition states that prior to that year, dating back to 1970, only “up to 20” reports had been filed relating high vitamin A intake in humans to harmful birth defects in fetuses.

The Linus Pauling Institute states that “No increase in the risk of vitamin A-associated birth defects has been observed at doses of preformed vitamin A from supplements below 3,000 mcg/day (10,000 IU/day) (21). Since a number of foods in the U.S. are fortified with preformed vitamin A, pregnant women should avoid multivitamin or prenatal supplements that contain more than 1,500 mcg (5,000 IU) of vitamin A. Vitamin A from beta-carotene is not known to increase the risk of birth defects.”

Too little…

Given that we work with women all over the world, it is important to share that women of some cultures suffer from vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A deficiency often leads to the development of xerophthalmia which is thickening of the cornea and conjunctiva of the eye, as well as the inability to produce tears. The World Health Organization estimates that 9.8 million pregnant women worldwide have xerophthalmia.

Studies, as shared of in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, have reported other effects of vitamin A deficiency as well, this may include an increased incidence of anemia and lowered immunity to disease and illness for pregnant and lactating mothers, as well as her infant child. Vitamin A deficiency in children can cause slower growth and development. The detrimental effects of this vitamin deficiency on mothers and their infants puts them at higher risk for death.

Summary

In conclusion, we know that vitamin A is an essential pregnancy nutrient for both a mother and her child. The focus should be on eating whole food sources of vitamin A and following a pregnancy diet composed of foods offering a wide variety of nutrients needed in pregnancy. In order for pregnant mothers to get the necessary nutrients they need, supplementing with a whole food prenatal multivitamin is advised. This helps prevent nutritional deficiencies, including that of vitamin A. Learn which nutritional supplements are safe for pregnancy here… and browse our complete library of Pregnancy Health articles… for more information. And perhaps most important, talk to your doctor if you are unsure or concerned about any nutrient you’re wanting to take in pregnancy. Here’s to a happy and healthy pregnancy!

* Tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) means the highest amount show to be safe to consume daily without causes adverse affects.

References

  • Azaïs-Braesco, V., & Pascal, G. (2000). Vitamin A in pregnancy: Requirements and safety limits. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71(5). doi:10.1093/ajcn/71.5.1325s Retrieved from: https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/71/5/1325S/4729494
  • Barton, D. (n.d.). Cod Liver Oil Essential for Healthy Fertility and Pregnancy. Retrieved from: https://natural-fertility-info.com/cod-liver-oil-essential-for-healthy-fertility-and-pregnancy.html
  • Nutrients and Vitamins for Pregnancy: American Pregnancy Association. (2012, April 26). Retrieved from: http://americanpregnancy.org/pregnancy-health/nutrients-vitamins-pregnancy/
  • Helt, AM. Personal Communication, January 2014
  • Higdon, J., & Drake, V. (2003, December 1). Linus Pauling Institute Micronutrient Research for Optimum Health – Vitamin A. Retrieved from: https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins/vitamin-A
  • Van Den Broek, N., Dou, L., Othman, M., Neilson, J., Gates, S., & Gülmezoglu, A. (2010, November 1). Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Retrieved from: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008666.pub3/full
  • Office of Dietary Supplements – Vitamin A. (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/

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About the Author

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Elizabeth Willett - M.A., Certified Herbalist

Elizabeth Willett is the Senior Herbalist and Lead Educator at NaturalFertilityInfo.com. She holds a BS in Mass Communications (2000) from Minnesota State University, and a Master of Arts degree (MA, 2010) in Holistic Health Studies with a specialization is herbalism from St. Catherine University in St. Paul, MN. Liz has written over 200 articles on women's fertility and brings a vast wealth of knowledge and expertise in holistic health and healing to Natural Fertility Info.com

5 Steps To Improve Your Fertility Naturally

  • Learn the 5 different areas to focus on for optimal fertility health
  • Learn how to support hormonal health with herbs and essential oils
  • Tips on transitioning to a whole food fertility diet.
  • Self-care therapies to support your reproductive health

@NaturalFertilityInfo

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☕Reproductive Support Tea contains herbs that support, tone, and nourish the female reproductive system while supporting hormone balance.

It’s a soothing and effective fertility tea that provides just the right mixture of beneficial fertility herbs designed to help:

1️⃣ Nourish the uterus*

2️⃣ Support fallopian tube health.*

3️⃣ Help maintain normal ovarian function.*

4️⃣ Encourage normal uterine health.*

5️⃣ Support hormonal balance.

Type ‘TEA’ in the comments below if you would like 10% off your first order or Reproductive Support Tea and I will DM you a discount link. 👇👇

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👇3 Ways To Naturally Support Ovulation 👇

Lack of ovulation is one of the most common causes of infertility.

BUT you can help support your body to regularly ovulate again when hormonal health is found.

Here are some steps you can take to support yourself….

1️⃣ Eat healthy fats like avocado, chia, flax, nuts & seeds

2️⃣ Eat an abundance of whole foods 🥦🍉🥗🍇

3️⃣ Increase circulation to the reproductive system through exercise, Self Fertility Massage and castor oil packs.

👇 To learn more on how to support your fertility naturally, type STEPS in the comments below to join my free mini-course - 5 Steps To Improve Your Fertility Naturally, where I go into detail on each of the steps you can take to support your fertility cycle. 👇

#ovulation #periodhealth #naturalfertility #fertilitytips #fertilitydiet

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🌱 Ashwagandha is one of my favorite herbs for stress support while trying to conceive. 

It is easy to use and the calming effects can be felt pretty quickly after starting the herb. 

➡️ The hormonal support results take a bit longer, as with any hormone supportive herb, but is wonderful for both women and men who are experiencing high stress and hormone imbalances. 

Type ASH in the comments below and I will share which Ashwagandha I recommend and how to use it for fertility support. 👇👇

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Q: I have a 24 day cycle. What is this saying about my fertility?

A: Swipe left for our answer...

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⭐ 3 Benefits of Vitex for Fertility…

1️⃣ Regulates hormones: Vitex, also known as chasteberry, is known to regulate the production of hormones such as luteinizing hormone and prolactin, which can help to balance out estrogen and progesterone levels, promoting fertility.

2️⃣ Improves ovulation: Vitex can help to regulate the menstrual cycle and improve ovulation in women with irregular cycles or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

3️⃣ Decreases symptoms of PMS: Vitex can also help to reduce the severity of symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), such as cramps, breast tenderness, and mood swings, which can improve overall health and well-being.

Want to know which Vitex I recommend and how to use it? Type VITEX in the comments below 👇

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🌱 Red raspberry leaf has been used by midwives for fertility for generations. Some of the most well known benefits of raspberry leaf for reproductive support include… 

1️⃣ Regulating menstrual cycles: Red raspberry leaf is believed to help balance hormones and regulate menstrual cycles, making it easier for women to conceive.

2️⃣ Strengthening the uterus: Red raspberry leaf is rich in vitamins and minerals, including iron and vitamin C, which are believed to help strengthen the uterus and prepare it for pregnancy.

3️⃣ Improving egg quality: Some studies suggest that red raspberry leaf may improve egg quality and increase the chances of conception.

4️⃣ Reducing morning sickness: Red raspberry leaf is also believed to help reduce the symptoms of morning sickness, which can be especially beneficial for women who are trying to conceive.

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🧪 Xenohormones are chemicals that mimic the effects of hormones in the body. 

They can disrupt the endocrine system, which controls the production, transport, and function of hormones. 🚫

This can lead to a variety of health problems, including fertility issues. 

Examples of xenohormones include certain pesticides, plastics, and phthalates. 🕯️

Exposure to these chemicals can affect the production of hormones such as estrogen and testosterone, which play key roles in fertility. 

Xenohormones can also affect ovulation and implantation of a fertilized egg, leading to infertility. 

It would be best to avoid these chemicals as much as possible. 

👇👇To  learn more about which chemicals to avoid and which products are most important to replace type in ‘TOXIC’ in the comments below to get my guide to Creating a Healthy Home for Fertility Pregnancy & Family 👇👇

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5 Steps you can take to help support your fertility naturally…. 👇

1️⃣ Cleanse and prepare the body for conception

2️⃣ Nourish the body with fertility supportive foods

3️⃣ Protect and remove any substances that are causing harm

4️⃣ Learn how to fertility chart and read your monthly cycle

5️⃣ Add lifestyle habits that help to support fertility health

🌼 To learn more on how to support your fertility naturally, type STEPS in the comments below to join my free mini-course - 5 Steps To Improve Your Fertility Naturally, where I go into detail on each of the 5 steps. 👇

#naturalfertility #fertilitytips #gettingpregnant #hormonehealth #hormonalhealth

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The body is always giving us feedback to what is happening inside. How regularly you go to the bathroom shares a lot about your digestive health.... as does a bloated belly or gas. Your period or monthly cycle can share a lot about your hormonal state. Your skin can share how your liver is doing. And so on. What have you learned from listening to your body?

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🕯️Chemicals in candles, such as paraffin and phthalates, can release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) when burned. 

Some research suggests that certain VOCs, such as phthalates, may disrupt hormone balance by mimicking estrogen and other hormones in the body. 🚫

It’s always a good idea to choose candles made from natural materials, such as beeswax or soy wax, which produce fewer VOCs. 🐝

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5 Steps you can take to help support your fertility naturally…. 👇

1️⃣ Cleanse and prepare the body for conception

2️⃣ Nourish the body with fertility supportive foods

3️⃣ Protect and remove any substances that are causing harm

4️⃣ Learn how to fertility chart and read your monthly cycle

5️⃣ Add lifestyle habits that help to support fertility health

🌼 To learn more on how to support your fertility naturally, type STEPS in the comments below to join my free mini-course - 5 Steps To Improve Your Fertility Naturally, where I go into detail on each of the 5 steps. 👇

#naturalfertility #fertilitytips #gettingpregnant #hormonehealth #hormonalhealth

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Preparing for pregnancy is one of the best steps you can take for a healthy pregnancy and child. Here are some steps to help you get started…. 👇

1️⃣ Eat a diet high in fiber. More fruits and veggies

Fiber helps the body to get rid of excess hormones and fruits and veggies are packed with fiber. They also are very hydrating and have lots of nutrients. All are useful for someone with heavy cycles. 

2️⃣ Learn about your fertility cycle through tracking and charting

Fertility charting will help you to understand your current hormonal state, when or if you are ovulating and other information about your cycle that will help to bring clarity to your fertility path. 

3️⃣ Fertility Cleanse 1-2x per year

The first phase of the Fertility Cleanse is a great way to help support the liver in it’s natural ability to get rid of excess hormones. The second phase focuses on the uterus and helping the uterus to cleanse and increase circulation.

👇 To learn more about the Fertility Cleansing type CLEANSE in the comments below and I will send you my Guide To Fertility Cleansing. 👇 

#hormonehealth #hormonalhealth #periodhealth #naturalfertility #fertilitytips #fertilitydiet

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💡It can be completely normal for your menstrual cycle to vary in length slightly from month to month! 

Ovulation may come a day before or a day later even in normal some cycles. 

We actually expect to see natural variations between menstrual cycles. 

Early ovulation can be concerning, however, when/if it consistently happens. 

➡️ If you would like to learn what you can do to help balance a short follicular phase type EARLY in the comments below and I will send you a link to my guide….👇👇

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Are you experiencing fibroids? 👇 Type FIBROID in the comments below and I will send you a link to my natural guide. 🌱

#fibroid #fibroids #naturalfertility #fibroidfertility #fibroiddiet

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Intimacy may not be something at the top of your mind with everything else you are doing to TTC. But connection with your partner and you feeling.... good is important. Here are some natural ways to support libido if the stress of baby making has made things tense in the bedroom.

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When in doubt get it checked out. 

One of the most common reasons I suggest women to see their doctors is when they are experiencing  a heavy period that doesn’t stop after 5-7 days and has heavy flow. 

There are many different reasons this could be happening, but we first want to make sure it isn’t something that requires medical assistance before going on to healthy lifestyle support.

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Jan 25

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Ovarian cysts are more common than you think, and there are ways you can support your body naturally. Type CYSTS in the comments below and I will send you the natural steps you can take to support your self.

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🌱 One of my favorite ways to support fertility and hormone health is through herbs. 

Over the past 20+ years that I have been an herbalist I have seen what herbs can do to help turn someone’s health around. 

When it comes to fertility there are a lot of different herbs that you can use. But they all have different actions. There is no one herb that fits all for fertility. 

That is one of the reasons I make herbal blends & formulas. 

Three of my favorite herbs are vitex, maca and shatavari, but they each have different effects on the body. 

So the key to success with fertility herbs is to first figure out what is going on in your body and then you can pick the right herbal formula for you. 

You can do this by charting your fertility (I have a lot of posts about fertility charting on my feed as well as my website) and also paying attention to your period. 🩸

To learn more about my herbal formulas for fertility support type HERBS in the comments below and I’ll share a link to my formulas 👇👇

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Jan 24

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👇READ THIS if you have a regular period but still haven’t gotten pregnant…. 

The answer is YES. The menstruation phase of a monthly fertility cycle is only one stage of the cycle. 

There are many other times of the month that are even more important like: 

🌸 Follicular phase: When the lining is growing and follicles are maturing

🌸 Ovulation: When the egg is released

🌸 Implantation: When the fertilized egg implants

🌸 Luteal phase: The time period between ovulation and the next cycle needs to be long enough for implantation to occur. 

Wondering how to start supporting your fertility naturally? 

👇 To learn more on how to support your fertility naturally, type STEPS in the comments below to join my free mini-course - 5 Steps To Improve Your Fertility Naturally, where I go into detail on each of the steps you can take to support your fertility cycle. 👇

#periods #periodhealth #naturalfertility #fertilitytips #fertilitydiet

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Endometriosis can impact fertility and having a healthy pregnancy. 

Preparing ahead of time and taking the steps can make a big difference. 

Type ENDO in the comments below if you would like my natural guide to supporting your fertility regardless of having endometriosis....💛👇
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